Commonly used Gigabit ethernet standards:
Given below are some of the important gigabit ethernet standards that are widely used.
| Gigabit Eth Type | Cable Type | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| 000BASE-CX | Shielded twisted pair (STP) | 25 m |
| 000BASE-T | TIA Category 5 UTP | 100 m |
| 1000BASE-SX | Multimode fiber (MMF) 62.5-micron | 275m |
| 50 micro | 550 m | |
| 1000BASE-LX/LH | MMF with 62.5-micron core | 550 m |
| 9 micro core | 10 km | |
| 1000BASE-ZX | SMF with 9-micron core; 1550-nm laser | 70km |
| SMF with 8-micron core; 1550-nm laser | 100km |
By moving the routing functionality to the switches, the routing efficiency is significantly improved. Traditionally, routing is performed in software, resulting in poor performance. By moving the routing functionality to Layer 3 switching, the efficiency with which the routes are resolved improved significantly. Multilayer switching is based on the concept: Route Once and Switch Many. The initial routing is performed by router, and subsequent flow in the same route is handled by Layer 3 switches.
10-Gigabit Ethernet switch ports support a variety of rectangular X2 and SFP+ media modules as given below:
1. 10GBASE-CX4: Provides Copper connectivity up to 15 m
2. 10GBASE-SR: Provides short-reach connectivity using 62.5 or 50 micron MMF for distances up to 33 m or 300 m, respectively
3. 10GBASE-LRM: Provides long-reach multimode connectivity using 62.5 or 50 micron MMF for distances up to 220 m
4. 10GBASE-LX4: Provides connectivity using 62.5 or 50 micron MMF for distances up to 300 m
5. 10GBASE-LR: Long-reach connectivity using SMF for distances up to 10 km
6. 10GBASE-ER: Extended-reach connectivity using SMF for distances up to 40 km
The IEEE standard 802.3ae describes 10Gigabit Ethernet.
